At least 77 people were killed and dozens injured in various attacks, mostly by the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces, in densely populated areas, according to Sudan Doctors Network, a group that tracks violence through the war. Many of the victims were civilians.
The conflict between the RSF and the Sudanese military erupted into a full-blown war in April 2023. So far, at least 40,000 people have been killed and 12 million displaced, according to the World Health Organization. Aid groups say the true toll could be many times higher, as the fighting in vast and remote areas impedes access.
The military increased its use of drones and air strikes in Kordofan over the past year as the conflict shifted westward, making the region "a primary theatre of operations," said Jalale Getachew Birru, senior analyst for East Africa at the nonprofit Armed Conflict Location & Event Data, ACLED.
Two weeks ago, the military said it broke the RSF siege of Kadugli, the capital of South Kordofan province, and the neighbouring town of Dilling after more than two years.
However, Birru said the sieges were not fully broken. "These cities are still encircled, and the fight for the control of these cities and the wider region is ongoing," he told The Associated Press.
Walid Mohamed, a resident of Kadugli, told the AP that breaking the siege allowed more goods and medicines to enter the city, reopening the corridor with Dilling and driving down food prices after a dire humanitarian situation unfolded there. However, he said RSF drone strikes have since occurred almost daily, mainly targeting hospitals, markets and homes.
Omran Ahmed, a resident of Dilling, also said drone strikes had increased, "spreading fear and terror among residents as they see more civilians become victims."
UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Türk on Wednesday sounded the alarm that drone strikes killed more than 50 civilians over two days this week.
"These latest killings are yet another reminder of the devastating consequences on civilians of the escalating use of drone warfare in Sudan," said Türk, condemning the attacks on civilian sites including markets, health facilities and schools.
UN spokesperson Stéphane Dujarric said there was evidence that both sides had used drones against civilians in this week's attacks.
"These civilians have been at one time or another in government-controlled areas and areas controlled by the RSF, which would make us believe that both sides are using them," he said.
Two military officials, who spoke on condition of anonymity because they weren't authorised to brief the media, told the AP this week that the army doesn't target civilian infrastructure.
A UN convoy reached Dilling and Kadugli with aid for more than 130,000 people, the first major delivery in three months, United Nations agencies said Wednesday. However, aid workers are concerned about escalating violence.
Mathilde Vu, an advocacy manager with the Norwegian Refugee Council told the AP there's "huge concern" about the "unacceptable" escalation in Kordofan and that it could "shatter lives and obstruct any hope to reverse the famine/ starvation" in the region.
"It's very indiscriminate. Between Kordofan, Darfur and the east (Sennar), it's now every other day we receive messages like 'drone attack here, hit a civilian infrastructure, killed people,'" Vu said.
