Webster made just six as Tasmania, chasing 335 runs to win, were bowled out for 210 on day four at Melbourne's Junction Oval on Friday.
Victoria remain unbeaten with three wins from as many games, and paceman Fergus O'Neill enhanced his national call-up prospects with a haul of 4-54.
Webster entered the game with heat on his Australian place ahead of national selectors naming their squad for the first Test against England.
His meagre returns with the bat followed taking 1-26 from 12 overs in Victoria's first innings, and 0-28 from 11 overs in their second dig.
Before Friday's play, both teams observed a minute's silence for Victorian teen cricketer Ben Austin, who died after being struck on the head while batting in the nets.
The Tasmanians resumed after losing another Ashes hopeful, Jake Weatherald, for 12 late on Thursday.
And his opening partner Caleb Jewell was the first batsman dismissed on Friday, bowled by O'Neill for 21.
Tim Ward and Brad Hope put on 48 for the third wicket, but their union ended with the score on 107.
Ward, who made a polished 52, was run out in a horrible mix-up - as non-striker, he advanced for a single while Hope stood still after fending a short ball.
Ward was almost three-quarters down the pitch when he slipped while trying to turn, and was still on his haunches when run out.
The Victorians struck again just four runs later when veteran Jordan Silk was bowled for a duck when shouldering arms to a Will Sutherland (1-40) in-dipper.
And Webster departed just 14 runs later when caught from the bowling of Mitchell Perry (2-38), slashing at a wide ball and being caught at deep backward point.
Jake Doran (23) and Nikhil Chaudhary (25) offered some resistance, before Victoria secured victory inside the final hour.
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