Maddinson's superb 126 off 127 balls paced NSW's 257 in the historic first day-night fixture at St Kilda's Junction Oval on Friday, before Victoria - set a rain-affected revised target of 260 in 49 overs - were bowled out for 212.
Maddinson struck six sixes in his seventh List-A ton, and first since October 2017, digging the visitors out of early trouble at 5-86.
"I knew it was close to nine years, (but) didn't realise it was exactly that long," Maddinson said after breaking his century drought.
"It was nice to score some runs today. I've played a lot here, for St Kilda as well.
"Nice to start the season with two wins, especially on the road."
His 112-run partnership with second-gamer Jake Scott (43) turned the match in NSW's favour.
Left-arm seamer Harry Hoekstra was the early destroyer for the Vics, finishing with a career-best 5-42.
"I was lucky enough to get credit (rewards) for bowling pretty well today," Hoekstra said.Â
"It does give you confidence that you're able to perform at the level."
Star fast bowler Scott Boland tuned up for next month's three-Test series against South Africa with 3-46 in his first one-dayer since the 2024-25 final and his first competitive match since last season's Sheffield Shield decider.
Meanwhile, white-ball legend Glenn Maxwell took 1-39 from 10 economical overs and snared four catches in his first outing in Victorian colours in more than 12 months.
Two of those catches were classic "Big Show" specials.
Maxwell ended Maddinson's excellent knock with a brilliant effort at long on, diving forward at full tilt, before he finished NSW's innings off with a superb juggling effort to remove tail-ender Jack Nisbet, stepping over the rope, calmly throwing it to himself, then pouching it again inside the field of play.
Victoria's reply was a stop-start affair, with Matt Short (46), Blake McDonald (45), captain Will Sutherland (33) and wicketkeeper Liam Blackford (32) all making promising starts, but none was able to go on with it like Maddinson had done earlier.
Maxwell's return to the crease finished cheaply, out for 12 after hoicking Nisbet to Joe Colgan in the deep as though he was offering catching practice.
Scott capped a fine all-round performance by capturing 3-48 with the ball.
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