RAF Fairford had been used by US bombers to carry out strikes on Iran but they were withdrawn on security grounds shortly after five British men were arrested outside the base in southwest England in the early hours of September 27.
The circumstances of the incident, which remain largely unexplained, attracted huge international attention, coming at a time of heightened concern about the security implications for allies of the United States amid its war with Iran.
UK Prime Minister Andy Burnham said earlier this month that the activity at RAF Fairford was likely to have been co-ordinated in Iran, which the Iranian ambassador to the United Kingdom has denied.
UK citizen Mohmed Abdulkarim, 24, was charged with engaging in conduct that was likely to materially assist a foreign intelligence service between August 31 and September 28.
Abdulkarim appeared at Westminster Magistrates' Court alongside Nouman Essghir, a 24-year-old dual UK-Iranian citizen who was first arrested outside RAF Fairford on September 27 and is charged with entering a prohibited place for a purpose prejudicial to the UK on August 22.
Prosecutors said Abdulkarim, who was in a wheelchair in court, arranged for five men to take three vans and drive to RAF Fairford at the behest of a man called "Ali".
The five men bought about 300 pounds ($A570) worth of petrol, which was stored in drums, prosecutor Louise Gray said.
"One of them was told there was a bomb in the van ... (and) one of them called 999," Gray added, with police arriving shortly after.
Gray said Essghir had conducted reconnaissance of the base on instructions from "Ali" in August, adding that he was also in one of the vans which drove to RAF Fairford the following month.
After the five men were told there was a bomb, Gray said Essghir sent a message to "Ali" asking "wtf (what the f***) is going on" but received no reply.
Abdulkarim was granted bail ahead of his next court appearance in November.
Essghir has been remanded in custody.
Police said that six other people, four of whom are UK citizens who were arrested outside RAF Fairford on September 27, remain on police bail.
The decision to bail suspects after an apparent major incident had drawn scrutiny but on Tuesday police said that decision had helped secure charges against the two men.
